In years gone by, a number of Australia's longer distance trains provided "MOTORAIL" service so your car could travel with you on board the train.
Over the years, however, most of these services have been withdrawn so that today there is only one route where you take take your car with you on the train: on the Indian Pacific between Adelaide and Perth.
Information on Motorail services can be difficult to find, and Journey Beyond (who run the Indian Pacific) sometimes don't publicise the service.
If you wish to send your car by train between Adelaide and Perth (or vice-versa), be aware that, whilst space may possibly be available for non-travellers, passengers travelling onboard the Indian Pacific get priorty.
The Indian Pacific is a luxury train that operates once weekly from Sydney to Perth via Adelaide. Motorail service is however available only between Adelaide and Perth. Fares vary seasonally, but because it's an all-inclusive luxury train, fares are higher than most other trains.
To get a quote for Motorail and to confirm conditions of carriage - phone Journey Beyond on their contact line: 1800 703 357.